Spinning and twisting frame.



No. 653,638. Patented July l0, i900.

y S. BERARD.

SPINNING AND TWISTING FRAME.

(Application led May 2, 1900.)

(No Model.)

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' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. f

SIMEON BERARD, OF FALL RIVER, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPINNING AND TWISTING FRAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 653,638, dated July 10,1900.

Application filed May 2, 1900.

To all whom it may con/cern:

Be it known that I, SIMEON BERAED, a citizen of the United States,residing at Fall River, in the county of Bristol, State ofMassachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement inSpinning and Twisting Frames, of which the following is a specification,reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

The aim of the invention is in general to enable the use of the ordinaryring and traveler to be dispensed with inthe spinning and twisting ofyarns.

The invention consists in a rotating ring` driven by band and drum, orit may be by other approved means, and provided with a movable guidethrough which the yarn passes to the spindle or bobbin, combinedwithnovel and improved means of supporting the ring, in a rotating ring suchas aforesaid, provided with a novel form of yarn-guide, and in novelarrangements for spinning or twisting, including a rotating ring such asaforesaid.

The invention will be described first withv reference to theaccompanying drawings, i-n which latter I have represented the bestembodiments of the invention which I have thus far contrived, afterwhich the characteristic features of the invention will be foundparticularly pointed out and distinctly defined in the claims at theclose of this specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows in elevation certain portions of a framefor spinning or twisting, illustrating the best form in which I havethus far contemplated reducing the invention to practice'. Fig.2'shows`in transverse vertical section a rotating ring, its yarn-guide,the support forthe ring,=and the rail to which the said support isapplied. Fig. 3 shows in plan a ring and its yarn-guide. Fig. 4 is adetail view in section on avertical plane, showing the upper part of thering and the movable yarn-guide applied thereto.

Having reference to the drawings, 1 designates a spindle, and 2 thesupport containing the bearings for the spindle, the said support andbearings being of any suitable and approved character and constructionAand the spindle being adaptedto turn in the same in Serial No. 15,184.(No model.)

response to strain transmitted through the 5o yarn, as explainedhereinafter.

3 is the spindle-rail, to which the said sup# port 2 is applied.

4 is the ring-rail. 5 is a ring applied to the ring-rail 4 and ein- 55ployed in connection with the said spindle l.' The said ring 5 isgrooved in its exterior, as at 6, to receive a driving-band 7, Fig. 1.

' 8 is a thread-board above the upper end of spindle l, and 9 is aguideeye carried by the 6o said thread-board in line with the saidspindle.

' 10 is a yarn-guide which is applied to the ring 5. Y

The yarn is indicated at 11, it being represented as passing incustomary manner through the guide-eye 9, thence down to. and throughthe thread-passage of yarn-guide 10, and thence toward the spindle l.-The yarn-guide 10 is connected movably with the upper end of ring 5, asby means of 7o a pin or screw 12, fitting an eye 13 in one end of thesaid yarn-guide. The yarn-guide is free to swing upon this pin o r screwasupon a pivot and in the practical working of the invention as the ringrotates is caused to move thereupon by the pull of the yarn as it windsupon the spindle andV by the centrifugal force that is generated by therotation of the ring. i

In the normal working of my invention the 8o yarn operates to hold theguidingl end of the yarn-guide in close against the surface of theyarn-receiver surrounding spindle 1, or the yarn-load thereon. Thisobviates practically allY tendency to breakage of yarn between the 8 5yarn-guidelO and the spindle in starting up a spinning-frame after thestoppage thereof or in slowing down, since the pull that is transmittedfrom the ring 5 through the yarn-guide 10 and yarn is appliedpractically at the sur- 9o face of the yarn-receiver or yarn-load andthrough a minimum length of yarn instead of being applied through aconsiderablelength o f yarn, as would be the case if. the yarnguide werefixed at or near the periphery of the rotating ring. It will beperceived that the yarn in being spun'or twisted describes a cone havinga base of the minimum diame`1 ter, and consequently ballooning of theyarn to a troublesome extent is rendered impossible.

In order to prevent the yarn from escaping from the thread-passage ofyarn-guide 10 as the frame is slowed down, stopped, or started again,which would necessitate rethreading of the yarn and also occasion kinking, breakage, and other troubles, I provide the entrance t0 the saidthread-passage with an elastic keeper 100. This keeper normally closesthe said entrance. It is yielding, and hence permits ready ingress ofthe yarn as the latter is being threaded up by the spinner, buteffectually prevents accidental egress of the yarn. In the illustratedform the said keeper consists of a small spring-strip which is securedby one end thereof to the yarn-guide, its free extremity extendingacross the entrance of the thread-passage and into contact with the freeend of the hook of the yarn-guide.

In accordance with one feature of the invention I provide the ring 5with a cylindrical portion 131 at its exterior preferably by forming theupper end of the ring at its exterior with an upwardly-extending shell14. It is necessary to stop the rotation of the ring from time to timein the working of the frame in which it is employed without arrestingthe working of the frame itself. This is done for the purpose ofenabling the attendant upon the frame to piece up the yarn 11 whenevernecessary and for other purposes. The cylindrical portion 131 enablesthe spinner to effect the said stoppage of the ring convenientlywhenever required simply by clasping said portion with thumb and fingeror otherwise producing pressure and friction thereupon by hand. Theupwardly extending shell 14 constitutes a stop which determines theextreme outer position of the yarn-guide 10 and serves in theillustrated embodiment of the invention to prevent the said yarnguidefrom flying out too far under the influence of centrifugal force whenthe yarn becomes slack or breaks. The said shell also shields orprotects the yarn-guide from conthe upper surface of ring-rail 4 aroundthe said hole. The lower end of the bearing-ring 15 fits within theupper end of the holder 16, and these parts are correspondingly threadedand screwed together, as shown. A shoulder 20 upon the bearing-ring 15is provided for the purpose of resting upon the shoulder 21 on theholder 16 when the parts have been properly upon the shoulder 21 of theholder.

screwed together. The interior of ring 5 takes bearing against theexterior-of bearingring 15, while the lower end of the ring 5 bearsBeing separate and detachable, the bearing-ring 15 is capable of beingremoved when necessary for any purpose and of being replaced by an'-other one when worn. or injured. The holder 16 is formed with a groove22 ybelow the bottom flange or skirt of the ring, which groove isdesigned to receive oil for the lubrication of the bearing-surfaces ofthe rotating ring, bearing-ring,and holder. The upwardly-extendingportion or flange 23 outside the said groove slightly overlaps the saidskirt or flange of the rotating ring in order to prevent escape of theoil under the action of centrifugal force, as well as the entrance ofdust, flyings, tbc. From the groove 22 the oil -works its way upward tothe said bearing-surfaces.

At 24 is shown a band of yarn or other suitable material for absorbingthe oil and slowly giving it out to the bearing-surfaces, the said bandbeing applied to the upper portion of the holder 16 in connection withgroove 22.

25 designates a second band of yarn or other absorbent material appliedto the exterior of the bearing-ring 15. For the reception of the saidband 25 the said bearing-ring is formed with a groove in its saidexterior. Narrow bearing-surfaces to receive the contact of the interiorof the ring 5 are left on the bearing-ring 15 above and below the saidgroove.

One or both of the bands 24 25 may be employed in practice, according aspreferred. In some embodiments of the invention I contemplate the use ofball-bearings in connection with the rotating ring 5.

For the purpose of holding the ring 5 in place upon bearing-ring 15, soas to prevent accidental lifting of ring 5, the bearing-ring 15 isformed with a lip 26, projecting over a shoulder 27 on the ring. Thesaid lip in the present embodiments of the invention is constituted by acircumferential flange extending outwardly from the upper end ofbearingring 15, and the said shoulder is formed by rabbeting the upperend of the ring 5, the flange occupying the rabbet, as shown.

It will be understood that the spindle is not driven in the operation ofthe parts, it being caused to turn by merely the pull of the yarn as thelatter is carried around by the rotating ring, and it will be understoodalso that the yarn becomes wound at the exterior of the spindle inconsequence of the tendency of the spindle to rotate more slowly thanthe ring.

In spinning with a rotating ring such as that which has been describedand a spindle rotated by the pull of the yarn it is found that as thelower portion of the spindle becomes filled with yarn and the winding onapproaches the upper end or tip of the spindle there is an increasingtendency to breakage of the yarn. This is due to the fact that thetransverse strain of the yarn ext-ending IOO IIO

through thevarn-guide l0 of the rotating ring to the spindle acts Withgradually-increasing leverage upon the blade of the spindle andconsequently with correspondingly-increased tendency to occasion bindingof the lower end of the spindle within the bearing or bearings therefor.This produces a gradually-increasing resistance to the rotation of thespindle under the pull of the yarn.

For the purpose of remedying the foregoing drawback I apply to therotatable spindle 1 a sleeve, as 3l, which is free to turn upon saidspindle independently of the latter. Hence when the resistance to therotation of the spindle increases the sleeve will still remain free torotate upon the spindle, and thereby the tendency to occasion breakageof the yarn will be obviated. In order to prevent too free a rotation ofthe sleeve upon the spindle, the lower end of the sleeve is caused tobear upon a cloth or felt Washer 32 or the like drag device applied tothe upper end of the support 2 for the spindle. In some cases the washermay be dispensed with and the lower end of the sleeve may be permittedto rest directly upon the upper end of the said support. For the purposeof preventing the sleeve from lifting in doffing a holdingdown pin 33 ofusual character is arranged to extend over a ange 34 on thesleeve.

The sleeve 3l may be removable, together with the yarn-load, if desired,butusually I apply thereto a cop-tube or other separate yarn-receiver,as lll, and remove the latter when the required amount of yarn has beenproduced.

I claim as my inventionl. In combination, the spindle, the ring havingthe yarn-guide pivotally mounted at the upper end thereof, and means torotate the ring, said ring having the upwardly-extending shell servingto shield the yarn-guide and also to arrest the outward swing of theyarn-guide and the exterior cylindrical portion to enable the spinner toarrest the rota tion of the ring by hand by pressing against saidportion, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the holder having a shoulder at its upper end, theseparate bearing-ring having the lip and also having a shoulder to makecontact with that ofthe holder, the said holder and bearing-ring beingthreaded and secured together and the rotating ring revolving upon theexterior of the.

said bearing-ring supported vertically by said shoulder and providedwith the yarnguide, the said lip serving to prevent rising movement ofthe rotating ring substantially as described.

3. In combination, the holder having a shoulder, the separatebearing-ring having the lip and also having the shoulder to make contactwith that of the holder, the said holder and bearing-ring being threadedand screwed together, and the rotating ring revolving upon the exteriorof the said bearing-ring and provided with the yarn-guide, the said lipserving to prevent rising 1novement of the rotating ring, substantiallyas described.

4. In combination,theholder having the exterior channel for lubricant,the bearing-rin g having the lip, and detachably applied to the holderand the rotating ring fitting and turning vupon the exterior of thedetachable bear-Y ing-ring, held from rising by the said lip, and havingthe skirt thereof arranged to overlap the outer shell of the saidchannel, substanL tially as described.

5. In combination,theholderhavingthe exterior channel for lubricant, thewicking applied to the holder Within said channel, the bearing-ring, therotating ring surrounding and fitting said bearing-ring, and alsocovering said channel, and the wicking applied to the said bearing-ringadjacent the bearings thereon for the said rotating ring substantiallyas described.

6. In combination, the ring provided with a yarn-guide, means to rotatethe ring, a sleeve, a spindle on which said sleeve is mounted withcapacity to turn independently of the spindle, and a support in whichsaid spindle is capable of turning, substantially as described.

7. In combination, the ring provided with a yarn-guide, means to rotatethe ring, a sleeve, a spindle on which said sleeve is mounted withcapacity to turn independently of the spindle, a drag device for saidsleeve, anda support in which said spindle is capable of turning,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SIMEON BERARD.

Witnesses:

CHAs. F. RANDALL, WILLIAM A. COPELAND.

IOO

